Abenzi bomthetho bentando yeningi bazwakalise ukukhathazeka mayelana nokwehluka kobuhlanga okungenzeka ekufundweni kwe-pulse oximeter (ebiza lokhu ngokuthi "indaba yempilo nokufa") ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokuthi i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhiphe isexwayiso somphakathi ngalezi zisetshenziswa ngoLwesihlanu.Vuma “imingcele” yabo.
Ngokokuqala ngqa emashumini eminyaka, abacwaningi bathole ukungalungi okungenzeka lapho besebenzisa idivayisi ngabantu abanemibala, futhi uchungechunge lwezifundo ezintsha lukhiqize idatha entsha egqamisa inkinga futhi yakhipha isexwayiso ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva.Muva nje, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseMichigan bashicilele incwadi kumagazini kaDisemba 2020 weNew England Journal of Medicine, futhi bathola ukuthi amathuba okulahleka kwe-hypoxemia nge-oximeter aphindwe kathathu kuneziguli ezimnyama.
"Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izici eziningi zingathinta ukunemba kokufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter, njengokungahambi kahle kwegazi, umbala wesikhumba, ukushuba kwesikhumba, izinga lokushisa lesikhumba, ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kwamanje, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-nail polish," kufunda isixwayiso se-FDA.
Ayisho ngokucacile ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga ekunembeni kwemishini, okungase kudumaze odokotela neziguli ezizama ukudonsela ukunaka kule nkinga.
"Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi igama elithi 'umjaho' noma 'uhlanga' alishiwongo kwezokuxhumana ze-FDA," kusho uThomas Valley, udokotela onakekela amaphaphu kanye nombhali wencwadi ye-NEJM.“Ngaso leso sikhathi sithole ukuthi kunomehluko phakathi kweziguli ezimnyama nezimhlophe.Asazi ukuthi kungani kunomehluko ongaka, sicabanga ukuthi ibala lesikhumba.”
Ngesikhathi sobhadane lwe-Covid-19, ama-pulse oximeter asetshenziselwa ukukala amazinga komoyampilo abe ithuluzi lomtholampilo eliwusizo kakhulu ngoba leli gciwane liphazamisa ikhono lemvelo lomzimba lokucubungula umoya-mpilo.Ezibhedlela, imishini idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwesiguli.Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo edlule, ngemva kokuba odokotela abambalwa bephakamise ukuthi kungase kube usizo ukugcina idivayisi isekhaya (ngokwesibonelo, ngendlela efanayo nendlela abantu abangafuna ngayo ukugcina i-thermometer ekhabetheni lemithi), inguqulo yasekhaya yomshini iqalile. ukundiza emashalofini emakhemisi nase-Amazon nakwezinye izingosi eziku-inthanethi kuthengiswe ngokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, iphepha langoDisemba odlule (kanye nokubhekisela kwalo ochungechungeni lwezifundo zangaphambili ezibhala inkinga efanayo, okuhlanganisa namaphepha ashicilelwe ngo-2005) kwashaqisa abacwaningi nodokotela, abathi abazange bayithole le nto ukuze bafunde ngale nkinga.Ekhungathekiswe yisinqumo socansi.Iminyaka engu-15.
Utibe Essien, umsizi kaprofesa wezokwelapha e-University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, uthe: “Angikukholwa ukunemba kwale nombolo, nokuthembela emishinini engase icheme amaqembu athile abantu kuyaphazamisa ngempela.”, Tshela i-STAT ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.
Ephendula kulokhu kukhathazeka, uWilliam Maisel, umqondisi weHhovisi Lokuhlolwa Komkhiqizo kanye Nekhwalithi ye-FDA's Center for Equipment and Radiological Health, utshele i-STAT ukuthi le nhlangano ibuyekeza idatha etholakalayo futhi icubungula olunye ucwaningo uma kunesidingo.Uthe i-FDA iyaqiniseka ukuthi ama-oximeter asekelwe esibhedlela anezinga eliphezulu lokunemba, kodwa wengeza ngokuthi kumadivayisi athengiswa ku-inthanethi nasemakhemisi, lokhu kungase kungabi kulungile, futhi i-ejensi ayizange ikubuyekeze noma ikugunyaze lokhu.
UMichael Schuddin, udokotela wamaphaphu eMichigan State University kanye nombhali wencwadi ye-NEJM, uthe uyajabula ukuthi i-FDA igcizelele esitatimendeni sayo ukubaluleka kokunganciki kakhulu kuma-pulse oximeters ukwenza izinqumo zezokwelapha.Kodwa-ke, wengeze ngokuthi ukholelwa ukuthi ukungakhulumi ngomjaho “kuyithuba eliphuthelwe.”
Uthe: “Uma kubhekwa ukulinganiselwa kwalesi sihloko, ngisola ukuthi i-FDA ifuna ukuqapha ulwazi lwayo mayelana nokuhlukana kobuhlanga ekunembeni kwe-pulse oximeter, futhi igxile kakhulu endabeni yokunemba kwe-pulse oximeter.”
U-Erin uyintatheli yezobuchwepheshe bezempilo eCalifornia futhi ungumbhali-ndawonye we-STAT Health Tech newsletter.
Statnews, ngabe senza umsebenzi wezingane manje?Ibhayoloji nefiziksi kufundiswa emakilasini angaphezu kwesikole samabanga aphansi, kodwa umbhali walesi sihloko akabonakali eyazi ibhayoloji nefiziksi.
Njengoba omunye owabeka amazwana asikisela, kuyinto enhle ngomlobi ukuhlela isihloko sisuka “emzimbeni okhiqiza umoya-mpilo” siye “emzimbeni okhiqiza umoya-mpilo”.
Ukukhanya kuvinjiwe/kumuncwa umbala.Umbala owubona kupende umbala oboniswa upende.Ngakho-ke, okubonayo kumnyama, okusho ukuthi imibala eyinhloko ku-spectrum yokubonisa akuyona imibala eyinhloko.Emhlophe, yonke imibala iyabonakala.I-oximeter isebenza ngaphansi kokukhanya, ngakho ithintwa kakhulu ukukhanya okuvinjiwe/ukukhanya okumuncwa.
Kubonakala sengathi ababhali balesi sihloko abakayitholi isayensi yezinto eziphilayo nesayensi yemvelo, ngakho kumelwe babe nemfundo eyisisekelo kuphela.Njengoba isikole samabanga aphansi nesesikoleni esiphakeme kuyizifundo eziyimpoqo, ukufundisa ibhayoloji ne-physics, kungasisiza sicabange ukuthi sihileleke yini ekusetshenzisweni kwezingane lapha, ukuze izingane zesikole samabanga aphansi zikwazi ukubhala lesi sihloko.Ingabe siyitholile imvume yabazali bethu?
Ukulinganisa komoyampilo weminwe kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukuze kutholwe ukugcwala komoyampilo, ngoba i-hemoglobin ene-oxidized imunca ukukhanya okwengeziwe kwe-infrared.SO: Ngokusekelwe ekutholeni ukukhanya, le divayisi ayisebenzi kahle kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama.Lokhu kwaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, kodwa azikho izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuze kulungiswe.I-FDA kufanele ikubeke ngokucacile lokhu, okungase kugqugquzele ukuthuthukiswa kwamamitha oksijini (umunwe), ngoba i-DOES isebenza kangcono kubantu abanebala elimnyama.“Ubandlululo lobuhlanga” esihlokweni salesi sihloko siwukubonakaliswa kombala kwesici esisobala kakhulu (i-pun ihlosiwe).
Mbhali, nginamahloni ngokwanda kwakho ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga.I-athikili yakho yehlisa ikhwalithi yezindaba ze-stat.Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi wawungewedwa ekwenzeni lokhu ku-statnews.Mhlawumbe ikhwalithi ye-statnews iyehla.
Zama nini izinto zobuhlanga zeLiberal Party lapho isasangana?Race oximeter?Kufana ne-covid-19 yobandlululo.I-liberalism iyisifo sengqondo esiyingozi.Cha, abakhululekile ngokuqinisekile ababandlululi.Baphatha wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo.Bazonda wonke umuntu ngokusemthethweni e-United States.
I-oximeter isebenzisa i-beam yokukhanya ukukala umoya-mpilo.Uma unanoma yiziphi izinto ezivimba ukukhanya (njengopende, i-nail polish, njll.), i-beam yokukhanya izothinteka.Umqondo omncane ojwayelekile kunobandlululo lobuhlanga.
Odokotela abangenalwazi abaphawula ngokucwasa ngokwebala bayiziphukuphuku.Imithetho ye-physics ayiboni ubuhlanga futhi ilawulwa yimithetho ye-physics.Lapho uprofesa/uthisha efundisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokusakazeka kokukhanya, ukuhlukanisa, nokumunca, ubonakala elele ekilasini.Angifuni udokotela oyisiphukuphuku njengaye ukuba angelapha.
Umbhali kufanele enze ucwaningo oluningi mayelana nendlela i-oximeter esebenza ngayo, hhayi itulo lokuyenga ngokobuhlanga.
Ingabe izinga lokuncibilika kwesikhumba somuntu kanye nombhede wezinzipho lidlala indima engokomzimba ekumunceni nasekudluliseleni ukukhanya?Ngikhumbula isihloko sakamuva esishicilelwe ku-NEJM (New England Journal of Medicine) saphakamisa lo mbuzo.Njengomuntu ogxile kwisayensi kanye nodokotela osebenzayo, ngiyakwamukela ukucatshangelwa kwanoma yimiphi imibono nemibono engangisiza ukuthi ngihlole iziguli.Ukucatshangelwa kwami kokuqala ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter kuzothinteka izinga noma ukuqina kwe-melanin esikhumbeni nezinzipho.Leyo yi-biology ne-physics!Ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet esikhumbeni nokuthi kuthinta kanjani ukukhiqizwa nokugayeka kokudla kwevithamini D esikhumbeni kuphinde kubonise leli phuzu.I-melanin empeleni inganciphisa ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwe-UVB esikhumbeni!Kubalulekile ukukuqonda nokukuqonda lokhu.
Akuyona yonke isayensi “enobandlululo”!Ngaphandle kwalapho futhi kuze kube yilapho sesifundile, safunda futhi safunda “iSayensi”, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi singafinyeleli eziphethweni ezingalungile!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-03-2021