Abenzi bomthetho bentando yeningi bazwakalise ukukhathazeka mayelana nokwehluka kobuhlanga okungenzeka ekufundweni kwe-pulse oximeter (ebhekisela odabeni njengokuthi "impilo nokufa") ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokuthi i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhiphe isexwayiso somphakathi ngalezi mishini ngoLwesihlanu.Vuma “imingcele” yabo.
Ngokokuqala ngqa emashumini eminyaka adlule, abacwaningi bathole ukunemba okungenzeka ekusetshenzisweni komshini ngabantu bemibala.Uchungechunge lwezifundo ezintsha lukhiqize idatha entsha ukugcizelela le nkinga ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka.Muva nje, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseMichigan bashicilele incwadi kumagazini kaDisemba 2020 weNew England Journal of Medicine, futhi bathola ukuthi amathuba okulahleka kwe-hypoxemia nge-oximeter aphindwe kathathu kuneziguli ezimnyama.
"Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izici eziningi zingathinta ukunemba kokufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter, njengokungahambi kahle kwegazi, umbala wesikhumba, ukushuba kwesikhumba, izinga lokushisa lesikhumba, ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kwamanje, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-nail polish," isixwayiso se-FDA sabhala uTao.
Ayisho ngokucacile ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga ekunembeni kwemishini, okungase kudumaze odokotela neziguli ezizama ukudonsela ukunaka kule nkinga.
"Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi igama elithi 'umjaho' noma 'uhlanga' alishiwongo kwezokuxhumana ze-FDA," kusho uThomas Valley, udokotela onakekela amaphaphu kanye nombhali wencwadi ye-NEJM.“Ngaso leso sikhathi, sithole umehluko phakathi kweziguli ezimnyama nezimhlophe.Asazi ukuthi kungani kunomehluko ongaka, sicabanga ukuthi ibala lesikhumba.”
Kubhubhane lwe-Covid-19, ama-pulse oximeter asetshenziselwa ukukala amazinga komoyampilo abe ithuluzi lomtholampilo eliwusizo kakhulu ngoba leli gciwane liphazamisa ikhono lemvelo lomzimba lokucubungula umoya-mpilo.Ezibhedlela, imishini idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwesiguli.Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo edlule, ngemva kokuba odokotela abaningana bephakamise ukuthi idivayisi ingase ibe usizo lapho isetshenziswa ekhaya (ngokwesibonelo, ngendlela efanayo nendlela abantu abangafuna ngayo ukugcina i-thermometer ekhabetheni lemithi), inguqulo yasekhaya yomshini yaqala phuma emashalofini esitolo sezidakamizwa, Futhi wathengisa ngokushesha ku-Amazon nakwamanye amasayithi aku-inthanethi.
Nokho, iphepha langoDisemba odlule (kanye nokubhekisela kwalo ochungechungeni lwezifundo zangaphambili ezibhala inkinga efanayo, kuhlanganise namaphepha anyatheliswa ngo-2005) kwashaqisa abacwaningi nabelaphi, abathi abazange bakuthole lokho ukuze bafunde ngale nkinga.Ekhungathekiswe yisinqumo socansi.Iminyaka engu-15.
Utibe Essien, umsizi kaprofesa wezokwelapha e-University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, uthe: “Angikukholwa ukunemba kwale nombolo, nokuthembela emishinini engase icheme amaqembu athile abantu kuyaphazamisa ngempela.”, Tshela i-STAT ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.
Ephendula kulokhu kukhathazeka, uWilliam Maisel, umqondisi weHhovisi Lokuhlolwa Komkhiqizo kanye Nekhwalithi ye-FDA's Center for Equipment and Radiological Health, utshele i-STAT ukuthi le nhlangano ibuyekeza idatha etholakalayo futhi icubungula olunye ucwaningo uma kunesidingo.Uthe i-FDA iyaqiniseka ukuthi ama-oximeter asekelwe esibhedlela anezinga eliphezulu lokunemba, kodwa wengeza ukuthi akunjalo kumadivayisi athengiswa ku-inthanethi nasemakhemisi, futhi i-ejensi ayizange ibuyekeze noma ikuvume lokhu.
UMichael Schuddin, udokotela wamaphaphu eMichigan State University kanye nombhali wencwadi ye-NEJM, uthe ujabule ngokuthi isitatimende se-FDA sigcizelele ukubaluleka kokunganciki kakhulu kuma-pulse oximeters ukwenza izinqumo zezokwelapha.Kodwa-ke, wengeze ngokuthi ukholelwa ukuthi ukungakhulumi ngomjaho “kuyithuba eliphuthelwe.”
Uthe: “Uma kubhekwa ukulinganiselwa kwalesi sihloko, ngisola ukuthi i-FDA ifuna ukuqapha ulwazi lwayo mayelana nokwehlukana kwezinhlanga ngokunemba kwe-pulse oximeter futhi inake kakhulu indaba yokunemba kwe-pulse oximeter.”
U-Erin uyintatheli yezobuchwepheshe bezempilo eCalifornia futhi ungumbhali-ndawonye we-STAT Health Tech newsletter.
Statnews, ngabe senza umsebenzi wezingane manje?Ibhayoloji nefiziksi kufundiswa emakilasini angaphezu kwesikole samabanga aphansi, kodwa umbhali walesi sihloko akabonakali eyazi ibhayoloji nefiziksi.
Omunye umhlaziyi uphakamise ukuthi kuyinto enhle ukuthi umbhali ahlele isihloko sisuka “emzimbeni okhiqiza umoya-mpilo” siye “emzimbeni okhiqiza umoya-mpilo”.
Ukukhanya kuvinjiwe/kumuncwa umbala.Umbala owubona kupende umbala oboniswa upende.Ngakho-ke, okubonayo kumnyama, okusho ukuthi imibala eyinhloko ku-spectrum yokubonisa akuyona imibala eyinhloko.Emhlophe, yonke imibala iyabonakala.I-oximeter isebenza ngaphansi kokukhanya, ngakho ithintwa kakhulu ukukhanya okuvinjiwe/ukukhanya okumuncwa.
Kubonakala sengathi ababhali balesi sihloko abakayitholi isayensi yezinto eziphilayo nesayensi yemvelo, ngakho kumelwe babe nemfundo eyisisekelo kuphela.Njengoba isikole samabanga aphansi nesesikoleni esiphakeme kuyizifundo eziyimpoqo, ukufundisa ibhayoloji nefiziksi, kungasisiza ukuthi sicabange uma senza umsebenzi wezingane lapha, ukuze izingane zesikole samabanga aphansi zikwazi ukubhala lesi sihloko.Ingabe siyitholile imvume yabazali bethu?
Ukulinganisa komoyampilo weminwe kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukuze kutholwe ukugcwala komoyampilo, ngoba i-hemoglobin ene-oxidized imunca ukukhanya okwengeziwe kwe-infrared.SO: Ngokusekelwe ekutholeni ukukhanya, le divayisi ayisebenzi kahle kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama.Lokhu kwaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, kodwa azikho izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuze kulungiswe.I-FDA kufanele ikubeke ngokucacile lokhu, okungase kugqugquzele ukuthuthukiswa kwamamitha oksijini (umunwe), ngoba i-DOES isebenza kangcono kubantu abanebala elimnyama.“Ubandlululo lobuhlanga” esihlokweni salesi sihloko siwukubonakaliswa kombala kwesici esisobala kakhulu (i-pun ihlosiwe).
Mbhali, nginamahloni ngokwanda kwakho ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga.I-athikili yakho yehlisa ikhwalithi yezindaba ze-stat.Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi wawungewedwa ekwenzeni lokhu ku-statnews.Mhlawumbe ikhwalithi ye-statnews iyehla.
Zama nini izinto zobuhlanga zeLiberal Party lapho isasangana?Race oximeter?Kufana ne-covid-19 yobandlululo.I-liberalism iyisifo sengqondo esiyingozi.Cha, abakhululekile ngokuqinisekile ababandlululi.Baphatha wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo.Bazonda wonke umuntu ngokusemthethweni e-United States.
I-oximeter isebenzisa i-beam yokukhanya ukukala umoya-mpilo.Uma unanoma yiziphi izinto ezivimba ukukhanya (njengopende, i-nail polish, njll.), i-beam yokukhanya izothinteka.Umqondo omncane ojwayelekile kunobandlululo lobuhlanga.
Odokotela abangenalwazi abaphawula ngokucwasa ngokwebala bayiziphukuphuku.Imithetho ye-physics ayiboni ubuhlanga futhi ilawulwa yimithetho ye-physics.Lapho uprofesa/uthisha efundisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokusakazeka kokukhanya, ukuhlukanisa, nokumunca, ubonakala elele ekilasini.Angifuni udokotela oyisiphukuphuku njengaye ukuba angelapha.
Umbhali kufanele enze ucwaningo oluningi mayelana nendlela i-oximeter esebenza ngayo, hhayi itulo lokuyenga ngokobuhlanga.
Ingabe izinga lokuncibilika kwesikhumba somuntu kanye nombhede wezinzipho lidlala indima engokomzimba ekumunceni nasekudluliseleni ukukhanya?Ngikhumbula isihloko sakamuva esishicilelwe ku-NEJM (New England Journal of Medicine) saphakamisa lo mbuzo.Njengodokotela ogxile kwisayensi futhi osebenzayo, ngiyakwamukela ukuthi ucabangele noma imiphi imibono nemininingwane ewusizo ekuhloleni kwami isiguli.Into yokuqala okufanele ngiyicabangele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter kuzothinteka ngezinga noma ukuqina kwe-melanin esikhumbeni nasezinzipho.Leyo yi-biology ne-physics!Ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet esikhumbeni nokuthi kuthinta kanjani ukukhiqizwa nokugayeka kokudla kwevithamini D esikhumbeni kuphinde kubonise leli phuzu.I-melanin empeleni inganciphisa ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwe-UVB esikhumbeni!Kubalulekile ukukuqonda nokukuqonda lokhu.
Akuyona yonke isayensi “enobandlululo”!Ngaphandle kwalapho futhi kuze kube yilapho sesifundile, safunda futhi safunda “iSayensi”, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi singafinyeleli eziphethweni ezingalungile!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-09-2021