Sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kwavela i-coronavirus entsha ezimpilweni zethu, kodwa kusenemibuzo eminingi odokotela nososayensi abangakwazi ukuyiphendula.
Omunye wemibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uzovikeleka isikhathi esingakanani uma usululeme ekuthelelekeni.
Lona ngumbuzo wonke umuntu oxakayo, kusukela kososayensi kuya cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, labo abathole ukugoma kokuqala nabo bafuna ukwazi ukuthi abanalo yini igciwane.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kungasiza ekuxazululeni ezinye zalezi zinkinga, kodwa ngeshwa, akunikezi ukucaciseleka okuphelele mayelana nezinga lokugomela.
Kodwa-ke, basengasiza, futhi odokotela baselabhorethri, odokotela bamasosha omzimba kanye nodokotela begciwane bazochaza ngokuningiliziwe okudingeka ukwazi.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuhlola okulinganisa ubukhona bamasosha omzimba, nokunye ukuhlola okuhlola ukuthi lamasosha omzimba asebenza kahle kangakanani ngokumelene negciwane.
Okokugcina, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-neutralization, i-serum ithintwa nengxenye ye-coronavirus elabhorethri ukubona ukuthi i-antibody isabela kanjani nokuthi igciwane lenqatshwa kanjani.
Yize ukuhlolwa kunganikezi isiqiniseko esiphelele, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi "ukuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi cishe njalo kusho ukuthi uvikelekile," kusho uThomas Lorentz ovela ethimbeni lodokotela base-laboratory yaseJalimane.
Isazi samasosha omzimba uCarsten Watzl siveza ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi kunembe kakhudlwana.Kodwa ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi kukhona ukuhlobana phakathi kwenani lamasosha omzimba kanye nenani lamasosha omzimba angathathi hlangothi."Ngamanye amazwi, uma nginenqwaba yamasosha omzimba egazini lami, wonke la masosha omzimba mancane amathuba okuthi aqondise ingxenye eyiyo yegciwane," esho.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nokuhlolwa okulula kwe-antibody kunganikeza izinga elithile lokuvikela, nakuba izinga abangakutshela lona lilinganiselwe.
"Akekho ongakutshela ukuthi liyini izinga lokugonywa kwangempela," kusho uWatzl."Ungasebenzisa amanye amagciwane, kepha asikafiki esigabeni se-coronavirus."Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe amazinga akho e-antibody ephezulu, kusekhona ukungaqiniseki.
U-Lorentz uthe nakuba lokhu kuhluka ngokwamazwe, ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-Europe, ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody lapho odokotela beqoqa khona igazi futhi balithumele elabhorethri ukuze lihlaziywe kungase kubize cishe ama-Euro angu-18 ($22), kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi kuphakathi kwama-Euro angama-50 nama-90 (60). -110 USD).
Kukhona nezinye izivivinyo ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya.Ungathatha igazi elithile ezandleni zakho ulithumele elabhorethri ukuze lihlaziywe noma uliphonsa ngokuqondile ebhokisini lokuhlola—elifana nokuhlolwa kwe-antigen okusheshayo kokutheleleka nge-coronavirus eyingozi.
Nokho, u-Lorenz weluleka ngokumelene nokwenza izivivinyo ze-antibody uwedwa.Ikhithi yokuhlola, bese uthumela isampula yegazi lakho kuyo, ebiza kufika ku-$70.
Ezintathu zithakazelisa ngokukhethekile.Ukusabela okusheshayo komzimba womuntu kumagciwane kungamasosha omzimba e-IgA kanye ne-IgM.Zakha ngokushesha, kodwa amazinga azo egazini ngemva kokutheleleka nawo ehla ngokushesha kuneqembu lesithathu lamasosha omzimba.
Lawa amasosha omzimba e-IgG, akhiwe “ngamangqamuzana enkumbulo”, amanye angahlala isikhathi eside emzimbeni futhi akhumbule ukuthi igciwane leSars-CoV-2 liyisitha.
“Labo abasenawo la mangqamuzana enkumbulo bangakhiqiza ngokushesha amasosha omzimba amaningi uma kudingeka,” kusho uWatzl.
Umzimba awukhiqizi amasosha omzimba e-IgG kuze kube yizinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokutheleleka.Ngakho-ke, uma uhlola lolu hlobo lwe-antibody njengenjwayelo, ochwepheshe bathi kufanele ulinde okungenani amasonto amabili ngemuva kokutheleleka.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibonelo, uma ukuhlolwa kufuna ukuthola ukuthi amasosha omzimba e-IgM akhona yini, kungase kube negethivu emasontweni ambalwa nje ngemva kokutheleleka.
"Ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-coronavirus, ukuhlolwa kwamasosha omzimba e-IgA ne-IgM akuphumelelanga," kusho u-Lorenz.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi awuvikelekile igciwane.UMarcus Planning, udokotela waseJalimane wezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane eSibhedlela saseNyuvesi yaseFreiburg, uthe: “Sibone abantu abanezifo ezingelapheki futhi amazinga abo amasosha omzimba ehle ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa.”
Lokhu kusho nokuthi ukuhlolwa kwawo kwamasosha omzimba kuzosheshe kube negalofu-kodwa ngenxa yama-T cell, asengathola izinga elithile lokuvikelwa, okungenye indlela umzimba wethu olwa ngayo nesifo.
Ngeke zigxumele egciwaneni ukuze zizivimbele ukuthi zingami kumaseli akho, kodwa zizobhubhisa amaseli ahlaselwe igciwane, ziwenze abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokusabela kwakho kwamasosha omzimba.
Uthe lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yokuthi ngemuva kokutheleleka, uba ne-T cell immunity eqinile, okuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola isifo esincane noma ungasitholi nhlobo, yize unamasosha omzimba ambalwa noma ungenawo nhlobo.
Ngokombono, wonke umuntu ofuna ukuhlola ama-T cell angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokusekelwe endaweni akuyo, ngoba odokotela abahlukahlukene baselabhorethri bahlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kwe-T cell.
Umbuzo wamalungelo nenkululeko nawo uncike ekutheni ukuphi.Kunezindawo ezimbalwa ezinikeza noma ubani onenkontileka ye-COVID-19 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule amalungelo afanayo nomuntu ogonywe ngokugcwele.Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-antibody akwanele.
"Kuze kube manje, ukuphela kwendlela yokufakazela isikhathi sokutheleleka ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR," kusho uWatzl.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe okungenani izinsuku ezingama-28 futhi kungabi ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
UWatzl uthe lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba noma abathatha ama-immunosuppressive agents."Ngazo, ungabona ukuthi izinga le-antibody liphezulu kangakanani ngemuva kokugonywa kwesibili."Kuwo wonke umuntu—noma ngabe ukugoma noma ukululama—uWatzl ukholelwa ukuthi ukubaluleka “kunomkhawulo.”
U-Lorenz uthe noma ngubani ofuna ukuhlola ukuvikelwa komzimba ngokumelene ne-coronavirus kufanele akhethe ukuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi.
Uthe akakwazi ukucabanga nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuhlolwa okulula kwe-antibody kunengqondo, ngaphandle uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi unaleli gciwane yini.
Sicela uchofoze ukuze ufunde umbhalo wolwazi esilubhalile ngokuhambisana Nomthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwedatha Yabantu No. 6698, futhi uthole ulwazi mayelana namakhukhi asetshenziswa kuwebhusayithi yethu ngokuhambisana nemithetho efanele.
6698: 351 izindlela
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-23-2021