Izazi ze-Epidemiologists zilinganisela ukuthi bangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-160 abantu emhlabeni wonke abeluleme ku-COVID-19.Labo abeluleme banemvamisa ephansi kakhulu yokutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe, izifo noma ukufa.Lokhu kungavikeleki ezifweni zangaphambilini kuvikela abantu abaningi abangenawo umgomo njengamanje.
Ngasekuqaleni kwale nyanga, iWorld Health Organisation ikhiphe isibuyekezo sesayensi sokuthi iningi labantu abelulama ku-COVID-19 lizoba nokusabela okuqinile kokuzivikela komzimba.Okubalulekile, baphethe ngokuthi kungakapheli amasonto ama-4 bengenwe yileli gciwane, ama-90% kuye kwangama-99% abantu abelulama ku-COVID-19 bazothuthukisa amasosha omzimba abonakalayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphetha—ngokucabangela isikhathi esilinganiselwe sokubheka amacala—ukusabela komzimba kwahlala kuqinile okungenani izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-8 ngemva kokutheleleka.
Lesi sibuyekezo sihambisana nombiko we-NIH ngoJanuwari 2021: Bangaphezu kuka-95% abantu abeluleme ku-COVID-19 banempendulo yokuzivikela komzimba enenkumbulo ehlala njalo yaleli gciwane kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-8 ngemuva kokutheleleka.INational Institutes of Health iphinde yaveza ukuthi lokhu okutholakele “kunikeza ithemba” lokuthi abantu abagonyiwe bazoba nokugonywa okufanayo okuhlala njalo.
Ngakho-ke kungani sinaka kangaka ukungatheleleki okubangelwa umgomo—emgomweni wethu wokuthola ukungatheleleki kwemihlambi, ukuhlola kwethu uhambo, imisebenzi yomphakathi noma yangasese, noma ukusetshenziswa kwemaski— kuyilapho singanaki ukungatheleleki kwemvelo?Akufanele yini labo abanokuvikeleka kwemvelo bakwazi ukuqalisa kabusha imisebenzi “evamile”?
Ososayensi abaningi bathole ukuthi ingozi yokutheleleka kabusha iyancipha, futhi ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokufa ngenxa yokutheleleka kabusha kuphansi kakhulu.Ezifundweni eziyisithupha ezithinta abantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyi-1 ezenziwa yi-United States, i-United Kingdom, iDenmark, i-Austria, iQatar kanye ne-United States Marine Corps, ukwehla kokutheleleka nge-COVID-19 kusuke ku-82% kuya ku-95%.Ucwaningo lwase-Austrian luphinde lwathola ukuthi imvamisa yokutheleleka kabusha kwe-COVID-19 kubangele kuphela abantu aba-5 kwabayi-14,840 (0.03%) ukuthi bangeniswe esibhedlela, kwathi oyedwa kwabayi-14,840 (0.01%) washona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha yakamuva yase-US ekhishwe ngemuva kwesimemezelo se-NIH ngoJanuwari ithole ukuthi amasosha omzimba angakwazi ukuhlala ezinyangeni eziyi-10 ngemuva kokutheleleka.
Njengoba abenzi benqubomgomo yezempilo yomphakathi benciphisa ukungatheleleki kwabo esimweni sokugoma, izingxoxo azikunaki kakhulu ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwamasosha omzimba womuntu.Kunemibiko eminingi yocwaningo ekhuthaza kakhulu ekhombisa ukuthi amangqamuzana egazi asemzimbeni wethu, abizwa ngokuthi “ama-B cell nama-T cell”, anesandla ekuvikelekeni kwamaselula ngemuva kwe-COVID-19.Uma ukungatheleleki kwe-SARS-CoV-2 kufana nokwezinye izifo ezimbi kakhulu ze-coronavirus, njengokungavikeleki kwe-SARS-CoV-1, lokhu kuvikela kungahlala okungenani iminyaka eyi-17.Kodwa-ke, ukuhlola okulinganisa ukuvikeleka kwamaselula kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyabiza, okwenza kube nzima ukukuthola futhi kuvimbele ukusetshenziswa kwakho emisebenzini yezokwelapha evamile noma izinhlolovo zezempilo zomphakathi.
I-FDA igunyaze ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody amaningi.Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlola, zidinga izindleko zezezimali kanye nesikhathi ukuze kutholwe imiphumela, futhi ukusebenza kokuhlolwa ngakunye kunomehluko obalulekile kulokho okushiwo i-antibody eqondile.Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi okunye ukuhlola kuthola kuphela amasosha omzimba atholakala ngemva kokutheleleka kwemvelo, amasosha omzimba “N”, kuyilapho amanye engakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamasosha omzimba emvelo noma abangelwa umgomo, amasosha omzimba “S”.Odokotela neziguli kufanele bakunake lokhu futhi babuze ukuthi yimaphi amasosha omzimba ukuhlolwa okuwakalayo.
Ngesonto eledlule, ngoMeyi 19, i-FDA yakhipha incwajana yezokuphepha yomphakathi ebithi yize ukuhlolwa kwe-SARS-CoV-2 antibody kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzeni abantu abachayeke egciwaneni le-SARS-CoV-2 futhi okungenzeka ukuthi sebethuthuke nokuzivikela okuguquguqukayo. Impendulo yesenzo, ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody akufanele kusetshenziselwe ukunquma ukungatheleleki noma ukuvikelwa ku-COVID-19.Kulungile?
Nakuba kubalulekile ukunaka umyalezo, kuyadida.I-FDA ayizange inikeze noma iyiphi idatha esexwayiso futhi ishiye labo ababexwayiswe bengenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi kungani ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kungafanele kusetshenziselwe ukunquma ukungatheleleki noma ukuvikelwa ku-COVID-19.Isitatimende se-FDA siqhube ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kufanele kusetshenziswe yilabo abanolwazi ekuhlolweni kwe-antibody.alukho usizo.
Njengezici eziningi zokuphendula kukahulumeni wobumbano ku-COVID-19, ukuphawula kwe-FDA kusalela emuva kwesayensi.Uma kubhekwa ukuthi u-90% kuya ku-99% wabantu abelulama ku-COVID-19 bazothuthukisa amasosha omzimba abonakalayo, odokotela bangasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okufanele ukwazisa abantu ngobungozi babo.Singatshela iziguli ukuthi abantu abeluleme ku-COVID-19 banokuvikeleka okuqinile, okungabavikela ekuthelelekeni kabusha, ezifweni, ezibhedlela, nasekufeni.Eqinisweni, lesi sivikelo siyefana noma singcono kunokuzivikela okubangelwa umgomo.Kafushane, abantu abeluleme ekuthelelekeni kwangaphambilini noma abanamasosha omzimba atholakalayo kufanele babhekwe njengabavikelekile, njengabantu abagonyiwe.
Uma sibheka esikhathini esizayo, abenzi benqubomgomo kufanele bafake ukungatheleleki kwemvelo njengoba kunqunywa ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody okunembile nokuthembekile noma imibhalo yokutheleleka kwangaphambilini (okwakukhona ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR noma i-antigen) njengobufakazi obufanayo bokugonywa njengomgomo.Lokhu kungavikeleki kufanele kube nesimo senhlalo esifanayo nesokugomela okubangelwa umgomo.Inqubomgomo enjalo izonciphisa kakhulu ukukhathazeka futhi yandise namathuba ohambo, imisebenzi, ukuvakasha komndeni, njll. Inqubomgomo ebuyekeziwe izovumela labo abalulama ukuthi bagubhe ukululama kwabo ngokubatshela ngokungavikeleki kwabo, okubavumele ukuthi balahle imaski ngokuphephile, babonise ubuso babo. futhi ujoyine ibutho eligonyiwe.
UJeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH, unguprofesa wezokwelapha wezokwelapha e-Keck School of Medicine e-University of Southern California, eLos Angeles, kanye nowayeyisikhulu sezokwelapha seCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.UNowa Kojima, MD, ungudokotela ohlala kwezokwelapha zangaphakathi eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eLos Angeles.
U-Klausner ungumqondisi wezokwelapha wenkampani yokuhlola i-Curative futhi udalule izimali ezikhokhwayo zika-Danaher, Roche, Cepheid, Abbott kanye ne-Phase Scientific.Phambilini uthole uxhaso oluvela kwa-NIH, CDC, kanye nabakhiqizi abazimele bokuhlola kanye nezinkampani zemithi ukuze acwaninge izindlela ezintsha zokuthola nokwelapha izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kule webhusayithi ezenkomba kuphela futhi azithatheli iseluleko sezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa noma ukwelashwa okunikezwa abahlinzeki bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe.© 2021 MedPage Namuhla, LLC.wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.I-Medpage Today ingezinye zezimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhaliswe kuhulumeni ze-MedPage Today, LLC futhi akufanele zisetshenziswe izinkampani zangaphandle ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-18-2021